South Sudan’s rebel leader Riek Machar and president Salva Kiir have agreed to form a coalition government just two days before the latest deadline.
The rival leaders had twice missed deadlines in the past year to form the transitional government that is expected to lead to elections in three years’ time, much to the impatience of the United States and others.
Without that new government, many feared, South Sudan might slide into fighting again.
Opposition leader Machar told reporters in the capital, Juba on Thursday that he and President Kiir agreed that after the government’s formation they will resolve any outstanding issues laid out in a September 2018 peace deal. Machar said he is confident they will address them all.
Kiir said the new government will be formed on Saturday and he will appoint Machar as his first vice president, or top deputy, on Friday.
That arrangement has twice led to conflict, once when the civil war erupted in late 2013 and again in mid-2016 after Machar returned to the post under a previous peace deal. He ended up fleeing the country on foot.
This is a major step in the emergence from a five-year civil war that killed nearly 400,000 people and shattered life in the world’s youngest nation.
Pending issues
The president said security arrangements, one crucial issue, will be resolved after the government’s formation. He said the protection of Machar and others with the opposition will be under his responsibility.
Another politically sensitive issue, the number of states, appears to have been resolved after Kiir over the weekend announced a “painful” compromise of 10 plus three administrative areas, down from 32.
The changes are for the sake of peace to prevail, Kiir said Thursday. And he called on the more than 2 million people who fled South Sudan during the conflict to finally come home.
South Sudan’s civil war broke out just two years after the nation danced in the streets to celebrate a long-fought independence from Sudan.
The conflict badly hurt the oil-rich nation’s economy, and roughly half the country’s 12 million people are hungry today.
Major challenges in the peace process remain, including the delicate process of integrating tens of thousands of former rival forces into a united army.
That process has been marked by delays, the United Nations and others have said, noting that some of the forces appear to be poorly provisioned.
And widespread abuses such as the recruitment of child soldiers and sexual violence continue, a new report by the U.N. Commission on Human Rights on South Sudan said Thursday.
But some observers, including peace deal guarantor Sudan, saw a sign of hope with Thursday’s announcement.
The deputy head of Sudan’s Sovereign Council, Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, said he appreciated the outcome of Kiir and Machar’s meeting on resolving the issues that remain.
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