Uganda’s sense of national identity is in peril, according to leadership experts and political analysts who have raised concerns over the country’s growing divisions.
They argue that the current leadership has failed to promote unity, leaving many Ugandans feeling disconnected and disillusioned, which could threaten the country’s stability.
Experts attribute the root of the issue to Uganda's long-standing regionalism, ethnic divides, and exclusionary governance.
Since gaining independence in 1962, Uganda’s successive governments have struggled to unite the country’s 56 tribes and regions, including Buganda, Ankole, Busoga, Bunyoro, and Northern Uganda.
As a result, national pride often only surfaces during sporting achievements, such as when athletes like Joshua Cheptegei bring home medals.
Veteran politician Israel Mayengo highlights the failure of the country’s early leaders to include all groups, a legacy he believes has been perpetuated by subsequent administrations.
"The current leadership is repeating the mistakes of the past—governments continue to serve their own interests, which deepens divisions," Mayengo said.
One of Mayengo’s key arguments is the absence of a unifying national language. He advocates for Luganda, the most widely spoken local language, to be recognized and promoted as one of Uganda’s official languages.
"Language is a powerful tool for unity, and there’s no reason Luganda should not be embraced for this purpose," Mayengo stated.
Dr. James Nkuubi, a political analyst from Makerere University, adds that poor public services are exacerbating the erosion of national pride.
“Ugandans pay taxes but are met with crumbling infrastructure, poor healthcare, and inadequate services. This fosters frustration and resentment,” he noted.
Nkuubi also pointed to unresolved historical grievances, such as the Northern Uganda conflict and the 1966 attack on the Lubiri, which have left lasting scars. "These issues were never fully addressed, and people remain bitter. Reconciliation is crucial for the country to heal," he said.
To address these challenges, experts are calling for constitutional reforms.
Mayengo suggests replacing Uganda’s parliamentary system with a governing council that would ensure equal representation for all regions.
"Our leaders are wasting time debating trivial matters while the country is in desperate need of urgent reforms," Mayengo lamented.
Rising insecurity, corruption, and political tension further underline the pressing need for national unity.
“Even without war, top officials move around with heavy security, indicating the growing mistrust and insecurity in the country,” Nkuubi observed.
As Uganda grapples with these internal challenges, experts stress the importance of swift action to reignite national pride and foster unity.
They warn that without these efforts, the country risks deeper division and potential instability.