Indian forces have attacked Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir with missiles in three locations, Pakistan’s military spokesman is quoted by the country’s state TV as saying.
In a statement, the Indian government says "nine sites have been targeted".
"Our actions have been focused, measured and non-escalatory in nature. No Pakistani military facilities have been targeted. India has demonstrated considerable restraint in selection of targets and method of execution.
The statement adds that the attack was ordered after last month's deadly militant attack on tourists in India-administered Kashmir.
There are also reports of intense shelling and loud explosions in border areas of Pakistan-administered Kashmir, according to Reuters news agency.
Relations between India and Pakistan have declined sharply following a deadly militant attack on tourists in Indian-administered Kashmir last month. Pakistan has denied any involvement in the attacks. Indian police earlier claimed two of the attackers were Pakistani citizens.
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A spokesperson for Pakistan's military says Islamabad "will respond to this [attack] at a time and place of its choosing".
"All of our air force jets are airborne. This is a shameful and cowardly attack that was carried our from within India's airspace," the spokesman adds.
The director general of Pakistan's military public relations wing, Inter-Service Public Relations (ISPR), tells Pakistan news channel Geo TV three locations have been hit by Indian missiles.
Lt Gen Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry says they are Muzaffarabad and Kotli in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, and Bahwalpur.
The Indian army says Pakistan has "fired artillery in Bhimber Gali in Poonch-Rajauri area" in India-administered Kashmir, just across the dividing lines.
India's armed forces are "responding appropriately in a calibrated manner," the army says in a post on X.